Although various eighteenth- and nineteenth-century American poets had professed an interest in Native American poetry and had pretended to imitate Native American forms in their own works, until almost
1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study traditional Native American poetry in native
languages.
(A) until almost 1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study
(B) until almost 1900 scholars and critics had not begun seriously studying
(C) not until almost 1900 were scholars and critics to begin seriously to study
(D) it was not almost until 1900 when scholars and critics began to seriously study
(E) it was not until almost 1900 that scholars and critics seriously began studying
Explanation:
Concept one:
Clause, Adverb, Clause makes the problem.
Example:
Though she had scored higher, in 1990, the score is no more valid.
Now, we have a confusion about the position of "in 1990". It has two meanings:
1. She had scored higher in 1990.
2. The core is not valid in 1990.
Conclusion: The structure "Clause, Adverbial phrase, clause" creates an ambiguous sentence.
We can use:
Perfect+ Simple Past => They had reached the station before the train left.
Simple Past + Past perfect=> They came after the train had left.
Elimination: This rule eliminates the option B.
Concept Three:
Memorize the following rule. [Take note.]
1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study traditional Native American poetry in native
languages.
(A) until almost 1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study
(B) until almost 1900 scholars and critics had not begun seriously studying
(C) not until almost 1900 were scholars and critics to begin seriously to study
(D) it was not almost until 1900 when scholars and critics began to seriously study
(E) it was not until almost 1900 that scholars and critics seriously began studying
Explanation:
Concept one:
Clause, Adverb, Clause makes the problem.
Example:
Though she had scored higher, in 1990, the score is no more valid.
Now, we have a confusion about the position of "in 1990". It has two meanings:
1. She had scored higher in 1990.
2. The core is not valid in 1990.
Conclusion: The structure "Clause, Adverbial phrase, clause" creates an ambiguous sentence.
Elimination: This rule eliminates the option A.
Concept Two:
We cannot use two past perfect tense in the same sentence.We can use:
Perfect+ Simple Past => They had reached the station before the train left.
Simple Past + Past perfect=> They came after the train had left.
Elimination: This rule eliminates the option B.
Concept Three:
Memorize the following rule. [Take note.]
To Begin + To Study is WRONG
I have searched google by "to being to study", and I have found the following search results:
To begin study
To begin a study
To begin studying
To begin your study
To begin the study
Began to study
--> All these sentences are CORRECT.
This implies that the form "To BEGIN to STUDY" is WRONG.
Elimination: This rule eliminates C
Concept Four:
Almost until 1990 is not idiomatic.
--> Almost should modify 1990, but in the present form it is in a remote place to modify 1990.
--> Almost 1990 means around 1990. Almost until 1990 creates a vague modification.
--> Until almost 1990 is okay in this sense.
Elimination: This rule eliminates D.
Answer: E.
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